Varnish



I white vitriol.

Patented Au. 1

max rncacrm, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA vaamsiz No Drawing.

This invention relates to varnishes, and the principal object of theinvention is to provide a varnish having characteristics both of spirit and oil varnishes and being adapted 5 for application to a Wood or other surface without the usual priming coat of shellac or other spirit varnish.

As a characteristic examplev of my improved varnish and the method of manufacturing, the procedure may be as follows:

I may first form a solvent consistin of denatured alcohol and oxalic acid in t e pro portions approximately of one ounce of oxalic acid ,to each quart of alcohol. To this solvent I add gum sandarac juniper gum) and gum mastic, two parts by weight of the sandarac and one part of the mastic. The proportion of the mixed gums to the solvent. may vary to some extent, but for general purposes I have found two, and one-half pounds of the mixed gums to one gallon of the solvent satisfactory. The mixture is-then heated in a water bath until the gum has been entirely dissolved, afte which the solution is allowed to settle unt l-iclear andthe clear liquid drawn .otl. Denatured alcohol may be added to make up the losses in the heating operation. For purpose of this description, I will designate this solution as solution No. 1. g

I then form a mixture of fused gum dam-- mar,'hard oil finish and turpentine, employing'equal parts of these materials, and this mixture is heated in a water bath until the 5 gum has entirely dissolved and the mixture becomes thoroughly homogeneous. This so lution is allowed to stand until the insoluble residue has settled, after which the clear solution is drawn off. This solutionI may des- 40 ignate as solution No. 2. The hard oil finish may be formed by boiling parts of linseed oil with 3 parts red lead and I part Solutions Nos. 1 and 2 are then mixed to- 1925. Serial No- 28,504.

parts of No. 1 to one part No. 2, and are boiled in a Water bath for approximately onehalf hour and are again allowed to stand until any insoluble residue has settled out, after which the clear'liquid solution constituting a mixture of solutions Nos. 1 and 2 is drawn oil". This combined solution I may designate as solution No. 3.

A fourth solution is then formed as follows: Dissolve in 1 quart of wood alcohol of 95% proof, ounce of pyroxylin and ounce of camphor, and add to the-solution 8 ounces of ether.- The pyroxylin and camphor may be replaced by celluloid chips in amount approximatel 3 ounces. To the resulting solution, It en add sassai'ras oil,

approximately one part of sassafr'as oil to two\ parts of the-said solution, and the resultant mixture, which I may term solution No. 4=, i's added tosolution No. 3, approximately one part of solution No. 4,to sixteen parts of -solution No.3, this mixture constituting the final product. i The product constitutes a hard d1 ick dr ing varnish for inside work whic may e sprayed onto wood or other surface without thenecessit of first priming the surface with shellac or tlie like,'.this being possible by reason of the fact that the varnish combines the characteristics both of shellac, or similar spirit varnish, and of an oil varnish, and this varnish may he rubbed with pumice and water and polished and brought to a finish in less time than varnishes now generally used.

It will be understood that I do'not desire to liinit myself to the exact ingredients and proportions herein set forth, and that I consider my invention as covering not only the specific varnish described but any varnish havin similar characteristics and compoun ed in substantially the same manner with materials .the equivalents of thematerials herein set forth.

I claim:

1. The process that includes forming a.

spirit varnish including oxalic acid, forming an oil varnish, mixing-said varnishes, forming an alcohol solution of pyroxylin includinig Sassafras oil, and mixing the last-named so ution with the mixed varnishes.

2. The process that consists in forming'a spirit varnish containing gum sandarac and gum mastic in a solvent of alcohol containing oxalic acid, mixing therewith an oil varnish containing fused gum dammar, hard oil finish and turpentine, and adding to said mixture an alcohol solution of pyroxylin.

MAX FECHTER. 

